India has made a history as soon as Vikram lander of chandrayan 3 succeeded to soft landing on the South pole of the moon .Infact india become first country in the world who actually made a mark on the south pole.Although many nation tried to do so and failed miserably because of the uncertainty of uneven surface due to creators and deep trenches at this very part of the moon.recently crash of Russian expedition Luna- 25 has shifted the focus toward ISRO .Since we have witnessed a bit failure in chandrayan 2 mission so obviously every eyes turn toward us around the world.we did it and it has opened a new door and perspective to study or explore the moon in a new direction .
In fact this tremendous journey is not so easy for India from the very beginning.On 23rd February 1962, india witnessed it’s first space organisation called Indian national committee for space reserch which later know as ISRO in 1969 . When the first USA made sounding rocket “Nike Apache ” was launched in 1963 at Thumba space centre(kerla) whole world specially America make fun on us that they are happy with a toy rocket.Later in 1972 the space commission and department of space put a foundation stone to begin the space programme in the country.india ‘s first satellite’ Aryabhatta’ was established in orbit by Soviet cosmos 3M rocket in 1975.Although Bhasker series satellite was the experimental remote sensing satellite which can capture earth surface to explore the possibilities of different aspects that was launched in 1979 by C-1 intercosmos launch vehicle in Volgogard Russia.
In the decade of 80s india started developing it’s indigenous Satellite launch Vehicle.consequently SLV-3( Satellite launch vehicle) came to existence and RS-1( rohini series satellite ) was launched though it.But it had limitation to launch satellite to the lower orbit of the earth . So INSAT- 1B, first multi purpose geostationary satellite, had to launched from Canedy space centre Florida ,USA. IRS- 1A was first indigenous remote sensing satelite developed in the country and launched from Benkanur cosmodrome Kazakhstan in 1988.
India’s first man mission to space turned to reality when Rakesh sharma went to space through soyuz T- 11 spacecraft in 3rd of April 1984. No one can forget the moment when prime minister Indra Gandhi asked astronaut Rakesh Sharma how india was seemed like from space then he replied: “sare jaha se accha.”
In the decade of 90s india furthered the technical advancement and the growth of augmented satellite launch Vehicle(ASLV) led India’s space mission to another level in 1992. SROSS -c (streched Rohini series satellite) was brought into its orbit through it.
Therefore we have seen how india taken it’s step to establish a advanced satellite launch vehicle gradually. Though in 1994 ISRO developed polar satellite launch vehicle( PSLV) which had capacity to lunch the satellite to polar orbit almost above the 800 km from earth surface.today PSLV is one of very advanced and economical rocket technology which even met with cryogenic techniques .it is one of best experienced rocket made by ISRO so far .
As a result now india become world power to launch satellite through it’s indigenous launch vehicle.PSLV can even launch satellite to geo synchronised orbit .however ,we have developed geo synchronised satellite launch vehicle (GSLV) later in 1999.GSLV and PSLV both use cryogenic technology to have thrust.GSLV can brings heavy satellite to geo synchronised orbit( 36000km above earth surface) of the earth.
In the decade of 2000 ,India had became one of the world power in space technology specially in satellite launch vehicle facility.ISRO commercial wing Antrix corp Was established to launch other countries satellite for commercial purpose.Till now almost 33 countries and more than 300 customer contacted ISRO and get facilitated . moreover,india witnessed a grand success by launching chandrayan -1 (lunar space mission) in 2008 which eventually opened the secret of water molecules on moon surface .After that many countries prompted to launch luner mission.In the point of fact this led to a rat race among the growing nation because it showed the door of colonizing moon in the future .India’s major Mars mission was initiated in 2013 and ‘Mangalyan’ reached to the orbit of Mars in September 2014 .
At the same time India joined the Elite group of four to do so.But this is not the end of the story ,India had become world first country to launch record breaking 104 satellite in a single shot using PSLV C-17 in 2016. With much fun fare Chandrayan -2 was launched in 2019 with orbiter ,lander and mover but unfortunately we met with a crash.Soft landing of lander in South pole of moon witnessed a bit failure and we lost control.No one can can forget the moment when then ISRO chief K .Shivan brust into tears and whole country was in shock. Infact we have great and hardworking scientist who can curve out reality from dream .
Once India’s chandrayan-3 landed to South pole of the moon, we had made a history which will be remembered for a long time.This will be remembered not just because we succeeded but because we learn from failure and turn no stone unturned to reach to the goal. Meanwhile as we know that ISRO had already announced ‘Gaganyan’ mission aiming to send Indian astronaut to space through Indian spacecraft.In the point of fact space is infinite and many new spect of the space open to be decifered .I hope our great scientist will reach to the new heights to reveal the secrets of infinite space in the future.
.